What Does The Meaning Of Life - 984 Words

What is the meaning of life? Almost every human at some point in their life would question themselves about their purpose in the world and why they were placed in the setting they are in and what they feel the need to accomplish in their lifetime. Some create their own personal meaning, others are given their meaning with no insight and lastly, others choose to avoid the real world and create a fantasy life. Although the definition is different from person to person, what is significant in the meaning of life is not only to exist in the world but to achieve our desired goals, have faith on our decisions, and learn about something new. Imagine rocking yourself back and forth at the age of ninety and reflecting back on your life. Karl Pillemer, a professor of human development at Cornell University, asked hundreds of elderly for the university legacy project, â€Å"What do you regret when you look back on your life?† Surprisingly, the biggest regret was they spent their lifespan worrying and not fulfill their goals. It is unfortunate to come to a conclusion at an old age there was unnecessary stress that involved family, retirement, health, and fears the consequences of others; someone has not truly lived the way they desired. Unless we come to a realization that the life we were given is our personal existence and ignore society or other influences expectation. Sister Clare, a ninety-nine old nun from the university legacy project, stated â€Å"So many things come to your mind†¦forShow MoreRelatedWhat Does It Mean You Live A Life Of Meaning And Purpose? Essay1366 Words   |  6 PagesWhat does it mea n to live a life of meaning and purpose? We have examined this question through at least five different authors, in different time periods, and through different ideas. However, the common idea has remained the same, have faith in God. For a human to live a life of meaning and purpose he must understand the truths of the natural world and the differences between what is good and evil. Jesus set an example for humans in his stories written by Matthew by displaying the ultimate faithRead MoreMeaning Of Life : Susan Wolf s Article, Happiness And Meaning : Two Aspects Of The Good Life Essay987 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is the meaning of life? What gives life meaning? Philosophers have asked these questions for decades, and there still is not a solid answer to the question. This paper will analyze one modern philosopher’s take on the question: What gives life meaning? Susan Wolf is a modern moral philosopher and philosopher of action and mind. She attended two Ivy League institut ions for her undergraduate and graduate careers. Wolf received a Bachelor’s of Arts in Philosophy and Math from Yale University, andRead MoreWhat Is The Meaning of Life? Essay688 Words   |  3 Pageslives. How does God, as an important human construct make a difference when determining the meaning of life? The western religions believe their scriptures are the direct word of God. Hence they use them as the authoritative source for many facets of life. Eastern religions tend to treat their scriptures as interpretations by humans, yet still many of life’s mysteries are accepted at truth in their scriptures. So should these scriptures be a foundation for the meaning of life? Also, what if we assumeRead MoreExistentialism : Wild ( 2014 ) And Into The Wild1739 Words   |  7 Pagestherefore leading to meaning, purpose and identity. When Chris and Cheryl leave their family, friends and everything else they know from the society, they are attempting to find a meaning and purpose to their lives. Watching these two movies, I discovered that, both main characters need the Nature as a catalyst to regain their freedom, to find their true identity and to understand the meaning of their lives. To figure out the reason behind their existences, both decide to go a on a life changing adventureRead MoreBeloved, Civilization And Its Discontents, And Man s Search For Meaning1613 Words   |  7 Pages What does one live for? Why does one believe they exist? Many do not know the answer to these question. Meaning of life is what one lives for, what one lives by, why they exist.The meaning of life may be obvious to some, but a great number of people do not know why they live. Some believe they are here for a reason and some believe it is a mistake. Throughout life, some many suffer with life, which allows them to open their mind up to the meaning of life. Suffering is when one goes through painRead MoreEssay on Existential Philosphy1710 Words   |  7 PagesNihilism originated somewhere around the mid-1800s, it was a shift from the social philosophy around that time which viewed life with purpose and meaning which was found usually though God, or some religious doctrine, however Nihilism is the philosophy that dictates the meaninglessness in life; it leaves an empty and void existence. Nihilism is usually associated with German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche is often although not a Nihilist himself Nietzsche wrote a considerable amount concerning NihilismRead MoreBusi 5601416 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness 560 Worldview Questions . To what extent should personal religious beliefs impact our decisions about business ethics? My personal view on how much impact should my believes influence my business, or whatever decision I make is that it should be fully Involved. My decisions that I make should constantly reflect in what I claim to believe in.   To what extent do your personal religious (or non-religious) beliefs about life impact your sense of business ethics and personalRead MoreIn The Book What’S It All About? Julian Baggini Discusses1678 Words   |  7 Pages In the book What’s It All About? Julian Baggini discusses philosophy and the meaning of life. This reading was able to bring different perspectives on ideas of the meaning of life that I thought about before. I was also able to learn about these concerns about life s meaning or meaninglessness in a philosophical standpoint. Some of the chapters that I found interesting included the chapters titled looking for the blueprint, here to help, and becoming a contender. In the chapter looking forRead MoreMeaning of Life1425 Words   |  6 PagesThe Meaning of Life The meaning of life, defined by Victor E. Frankl, is the will to find your meaning in life. It is not the meaning of life in general, but rather the specific meaning of a persons life at a given moment. He believes that if you are approached with the question of what is the meaning of my life or in this case, life is meaningless, then you should reverse the question to that person asking the question. For example: What are you bringing to me? What are you as an individualRead MoreMeaning of Life1589 Words   |  7 PagesThe Meaning of Life Christopher Nieves Touro College Life is a gift. It is an honor, a spark, an excitement. We all have a world of our own.    Albert Camus, once said, â€Å"You will never be happy if you continue to search for what happiness consists of. You will never live if you are looking for the meaning of life† (Camus, 1946).    Life is about living to your fullest abilities. Why waste our time looking for the meaning of each breath we take? Each

Life on the color line Free Essays

The story of this man’s life is simply amazing. That came through in his honest and heart-felt reflection of the hardships he had to overcome growing up. This intriguing memoir allows the reader to see what life was like for the author whose early life was defined by issues of race and color. We will write a custom essay sample on Life on the color line or any similar topic only for you Order Now Williams, dean of the Ohio State University College of Law, tells the touching and captivating account of his most unusual youth. The author had spent his early years in Virginia, where his white mother and his dark-skinned â€Å"Italian† father operated a roadside tavern. Growing up in the South, where issues of race and color were so important, the author had always thought that he was white, as he had been raised as such. When his parents’ business came to a halt, his mother left, forcing his father to return home to his roots in Muncie, Indiana. It was then that the author and his younger brother, Mike, discover two sides of the then great color divide: black and white. The lesson would be a difficult one. Much to their surprise and horror, their father, a light-skinned Negro â€Å"passing† as Italian, had survived most of his adulthood playing as both black and white as a way of life. He did so successfully until divorced and alcohol overtook him and struck him back down into â€Å"his place† in the slums of Muncie, Indiana. In those times, however, you were considered to be either White or Black. In Indiana, he was Black, even though, ironically, in the South he had passed for White. Greg and Mike, learn that, notwithstanding their appearance, they are considered to be Black, and forced to live in a segregated world on the wrong side of the race and color divide. They quickly learn how it feels to be the second class citizens. This was the nineteen fifties, during the zenith of the Klu Klux Klan, and well before the Civil Rights Movement had taken hold, so views ran very high on issues of race and color. The boys found themselves in the midpoint, rejected by both races. They had to learn how to maneuver in this crazy patchwork quilt of absurd and confusing racial notions that would marginalize their existence and make them the target for every scoundrel on either side of the race and color divide. This had a great impact on the brothers, as they find their own personal coping mechanism for the deprivation, poverty, hostility and prejudice that restricted their life. Unfortunately, Greg and mike took ultimately different paths. After more than a decade of poverty, degradation and loneliness later, straddling the racial and ultimately rescued by the humanity of a single, poor, Church going Black woman, named Miss Dora, Greg was able to overcome the handicap of his ‘Niggerhood’ and in the end attained both his and his father’s dream of becoming a lawyer. Mike on the other hand had no such luck. He seeks solace in the lure of easy money, easy women, and life in the fast lane, a choice that would end in personal tragedy for him. After a life on the edge, he was blinded in a barroom brawl that was the signature of such environments. Today he remains without means or hope in the care of a state supported nursing home. The book clearly outlines the fact that, in the nineteen fifties, the whites are the privileged and the blacks are the repressed and inopportune.   The author focuses on his early life, the part that evidently caused him so much pain. Those early experiences shape the man he is today. One argument, however, is that the author curses the town for its treatment of them. I always kept in mind the time frame and the reaction could have happened in any other town in the country – such was the prevailing attitude, in general, in the late 50’s and early 60’s. Racism exists – everywhere and on all sides. Blacks of today, regardless of where they may live can draw inspiration from his story. We all still face a huge amount of inequality and injustice in our society today. With such divergence along political, gender and religious lines in our national conscience, it is critical to remember that race still matters. In the world of the 50s and 60s where the only meaningful value seems to have been that of â€Å"being white,† Mike and Gregory Williams, possessing all the outward characteristics of whiteness, nevertheless experienced the vital fall from grace: they found themselves on the wrong side of the racial divide and thus forced (as their father put it) â€Å"to learn how to become Niggers.† There are many deeply touching morality tales in this book, but an inescapable one is not its most flattering one: It is that in a racist society nothing is more meaningful or valuable than â€Å"being white.† Whatever you do in life, do not become a Nigger; and if by an accident of fate you should become one, then you should do whatever you can to overcome it in any way possible as long as it is within the rules of racism. That is to say, do not try to eliminate the cause of this moral discontinuity, racism, or change its immoral and corrupt rules and imperatives; just try as best you can to overcome it. After all, overcoming ‘Niggerhood’ is a goal worthy of quest while ending racism is not even one that is attainable. Another morality tale of this book is that no matter how inhumane and corrupt white values are, they nevertheless remain okay because they are after all the standard and norm of society and there is just nothing one can do about them. They remain unbreakable. If you are white, being a racist is okay because racism is society’s norm. White humanity is always better than black humanity because it is self-defined in that way. However, if history teaches us anything, it teaches us that immorality and corruption no matter how normal, feeds on itself. This book is highly recommended to help possibly alleviate issues on color and race. This will inspire many people to strive and be a better person regardless of color. References Williams, Gregory Howard. (1995). Life on the Color Line: The True Story of a White Boy Who Discovered He Was Black. New York: Penguin Books. 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Compare And Contrast Of Mr. Perry And Mr. Keating Essay Example For Students

Compare And Contrast Of Mr. Perry And Mr. Keating Essay From Dead Poets SocietyThe movie Dead Poets Society launches the viewer into the world of several boys who learn from a non-traditional teacher in a traditional school. Throughout the movie several conflicts appear between several of the major characters. One of the main conflicts begins with two characters that only meet each other twice during the film. Mr. Perry has raised his son Neil to be a respectable and very intelligent student. He is a stern person who believes that what he says is exactly what will happen. The fact that he doesnt listen to what his son wants to do makes him a person that can be easily not liked by the viewer. Mr. Keating is a former graduate of the school, which means that he knows what the teenagers are going through. With him he brings a non-traditional teaching style to a setting that is dominated by tradition and set of rules. He is easy to like which means that his students bond easily with him. The problems between Mr. Perry and Mr. Keating escalate when Neil becomes a part of a local production without his fathers approval. His father finds out about the show a day before the opening night and orders Neil to drop out. Looking for someone to talk to, Neil consults Mr. Keating about his choices. Mr. Keating gives Neil the advice to explain the situation to his father in a calm atmosphere and seek his approval. Knowing that his father will not approve Neil precedes with the show. Mr. Perry carries Neil home after the play and tells him of his plans to send him to a military school. In the conclusion Neil commits suicide and with his fatal shot he takes the only defense for Mr. Keating against Mr. Perry. Mr. Perry is a person who because of his selfish actions causes a great deal of pain towards all the students and to Mr. Keating. Mr. Keating acted under the impression that Mr. Perry knew about what Neil was doing and offered the best advice he could. Cinema and Television

Issues In Ethical Hacking And Penetration Testing Information Technology Essay Essay Example

Issues In Ethical Hacking And Penetration Testing Information Technology Essay Paper In this fast turning concern universe the growing of Information Technology is sky-scraping. Information is a concern plus, therefore it is really of import to protect the Business Intelligence and the confidential information. It may protect its handiness, privateness and unity. Information Security is more than protecting computing machine informations security ; it is the procedure of protecting the rational belongings of an organisation which engages with Network Security. The handiness of entree to stored information onA serverA databases has increased to a great extent. Most of the companies store their concern and single information on their computing machine than of all time before. Many concerns are entirely stand on information stored in their information centres. Personal staff inside informations, client lists, wages, bank history inside informations, selling, gross revenues information and more significantly their research and development secret formula or selling schemes may all be stored on a database. If they lack this information, it would straight impact the concern operations. Therefore powerful Information security systems needed to be executed to protect this information. We will write a custom essay sample on Issues In Ethical Hacking And Penetration Testing Information Technology Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Issues In Ethical Hacking And Penetration Testing Information Technology Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Issues In Ethical Hacking And Penetration Testing Information Technology Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The biggest menace to concerns may be the people who make a life fromA hackingA or transgressing through information security systems. By utilizing their technological accomplishments, they are courageous plenty to interrupt into computing machine system and entree secured information. Hackers can even turn your place computing machine into a bomb ( Randy Jefferies, 2005 ) . Firewalls, which are intended to forestall entree to a computing machine web, can be easy bypassed by aA black chapeau viz. a hacker with the right tools and accomplishments. The breach can ensue a heavy loss of important information, or a virus could be planted and cancel all secured information as an interloper. So that is why Information Security Professionals plays a huge function in this Business Industry, because of this, there is an of import place for ethical hackers, who can support and protect the organisation against cybercriminals and even they are capable of perforating their ain system for the testing intents.When the inquiry arise that, is choping really bad? Or is it possibleA that there are times when hacking can be seen as good? Before addressingA these scenarios, the term hackers and moralss demands to be defined. So this is where ethical hacker comes in. Ethical Hacking and Penetration Testing Ethical Hacking can be defined as choping a web or a system to seek and prove exposures that a hacker could work and take advantage of the system. This implies, making it for the improvement of the house. This procedure is done to procure and support the system from cybercriminals known as black chapeaus with a lawfully authorised manner. The people who involve in ethical hacking are called as white chapeaus who are professionally trained security experts. Most of the houses employ one these White Hats to protect their information systems whilst some house s hires. The Computer offense is where the computing machine isA the topographic point of the offense and the condemnable activities can run fromA fraud, larceny, and counterfeit. Businesss who try to near the problemA have independent computing machine security professionals who attempt to breakA into the computing machine systems and penetrate as mentioned above. Both of these people, crackers andA professionals are ethical hackers, but they have different moralss. Negative observation of hacking, When is choping bad? In recent intelligence, a certain hacker who claims to beA known as Gwerdna hacked into a Mac computing machine, He even made remarks onA how easy it was for him to chop into the security and he has stated to interrupt into that library machine he merely took 10 proceedingss. ( Micheal Harvey, 2006 ) . The term Ethical Hacking can be addressed as incursion proving. This is a method of measuring the web or computing machine system by imitating an onslaught from a malicious beginning, a White Hat Hacker but act as a Black Hat Hacker ( Wikipedia, 2010 ) . These ethical hackers use these methods which can be identified and clarified as malicious package s viz. Buffer Overflow, Logic Bomb, Parasite, Sniffer, Spoof, Trojan Horse, Virus, Worms. Importance and Benefits of Ethical Hacking As mentioned above the ground for carry oning an ethical drudge, evidently, is to maintain information assets secure. One study conducted by Rick Blum, stated that It ( ethical hacking ) is really of import and helps salvage you money and repute in the long tally. ( Rick Blum, 2009 ) .Network testing is the most of import type of ethical drudge, because it is obvious the hacker can easy interrupt the firewall and acquire into the web. So web should be extremely secured. That s a ground why it is considered as a really of import fact for organisation because of the lifting cyber offense rates and the high growing of cyber felons. Since computing machine engineering has developed, the offense rates besides increased. The rational hackers have made mass devastations and losingss for many companies and they have damaged their database and leaked information. Had exploited the trade name image of most of the houses and damaged their trust on their patronage. Hackers have transferred 1000000s of dollars without any consciousness of the Bankss and their engagement. Even hacked into constabulary section s exigency aid desks. For illustration a group of hackers called Vandals hacked the New York City Police Departments voice- mail system and replaced the usual polite proclamations with You have reached the New York City Police Department. For any existent exigencies, dial 119.Anyone else we re a small busy right now eating some doughnuts and holding java. It continued You can merely keep the line. We ll acquire back to you.We re small slow, if you know what I mean. Thank You . The bogus messages continued for 12 hours before they were investigated and corrected by ethical hackers ( Donald Pimkins, 2000 ) Some clip ethical hacking will non uncover exposures of a web or a system. But there are a figure of effect benefits that can be derived from an ethical hacking procedure. The image below will give a clear thought of what are the benefits available in this procedure and how it can be prioritized. Referee: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.isaca.org/Images/journal/jrnlv2-06-red-teams-audit-tool-2.jpg The size of the menace depends on the type of the concern and how its tantrums with hacker s motivations. Therefore to forestall these sorts of issues and menaces in future houses employ ethical hackers. The term moralss will be clearly structured in the undermentioned paragraphs with the support of ethical rules, ethical issues, ethical quandary and ethical theories. Business Ethical motives Harmonizing to the survey Business moralss can be defined as a signifier of applied moralss that examine ethical rules and moral or ethical jobs that occur in a concern environment ( Gwendolyn Cuizon, 2009 ) . Many concerns have gained a bad repute merely by being in concern. By non being stick to concern moralss policy houses may fall in problem, if a concern is damaged by an ethical catastrophe it affects the underside line which implies net income. It is agreed that IT systems are put in topographic point to back up the strategic planes of an organisation which would be in lined with concern moralss. So that is why organisations see moralss as, a conveying competitory border to their concern. In my point of position in concern, the perspective position of stakeholders are different, they see there s what s illegal, what s legal but unethical, ethical but against company policy, non against policy but non in the client s best involvements, and eventually what s non truly opposite to the client s best involvements but is nt truly traveling to profit them furthermore. Which can be understood by the below image. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.gryphonshafer.com/blog/2008/08/business_ethics.png Ethical Principles and Ethical Issues Ethical rules can be defined as the foundation of ethical behaviour. An ethical rule arrives from the societal Context, from spiritual beliefs, and from ethical theory. These ethical rules can applied to computing machine engineerings that have an impact on people s day-to-day lives where they interacts in authorities, in instruction, at work, at drama land and exercise ) ( Penny Duquenoy, 2010 ) Some general ethical rules can be listed as Respecting others See others as equal Keep promises Respect the belongings of others Act candidly The rules can be addressed as below which relevant to Information Systems professionals and related engineerings officers. The Royal Academy of Engineering, in coaction with Engineering Council ( UK ) and a figure of the taking professional technology establishments, has developed a Statement of Ethical Principles to which it believes all professional applied scientists and Information Professionals should follow. aˆ? Accuracy and Rigor aˆ? Honesty and Integrity aˆ? Respect for Life, Law and the Public Good aˆ? Responsible Leadership: Listening and Informing ( Engineering Ethical motives, 2007 ) Ethical issues can be addressed as whatever threatens or interrupt an ethical rule is an ethical issue. For illustration ethical rule Respect the belongings of others Ethical Issue Hack person s computing machine without their permission and steal information and destroy it by directing a virus or a worm So by understanding this illustration an ethical issue can be clearly understood. And to measure these sorts of ethical issues in different positions ethical theories should be applied. Ethical Theories As discussed above an ethical issue can be identified and evaluated by utilizing ethical theories.These theories can be used as tools for doing ethical determinations, and they may besides helpful in supplying a footing for critical thought. An issue can be taken in different positions and formed sentiments with helpful of ethical theories. There are two chief ethical theories, Kantianism Consequentialism Kantianism The Kants theory can be defined summarized without traveling in deep. Kant says that how we behave ethically comes from within us, and the things that we decide are good or bad are based on whether we could conceive of everyone making them. ( Immanuel Kant ) So for illustration, it would be logically conflicting to state that interrupting a promise is good because if everyone broke their promises there would be a loss of trust in promises, and the whole nature of a promise would be lost. Therefore, he says, that certain things can non be universalized which means they would non work if everyone did them, and those things are incorrect. Examples are: killing others, lying, stealing, interrupting promises. Furthermore, in Kant s point of position, things that we view as wrong are basically incorrect that is, they are ever incorrect and there is neer any ground state of affairs where they would be right. This conflicts straight with the theory of consequentialism, which will be addressed following. Consequentialism Consequentialism theory can be defined as, a theory which deals with effects of actions instead than the actions themselves.So, and for illustration, it could be argued that stealing could sometimes be the right action to take provided the result is for the good . Theory says that a good result is that which brings the greatest benefit to the greatest figure of people . Therefore larceny, for illustration, is a morally acceptable act if it brings greater benefit to the greatest figure. For illustration, if a male monarch has a warehouse full of nutrient when most of the people in the state are hungering. In this case stealing the nutrient to administer it to the starvation people would be the right thing to make. So by this act a great figure of people get benefited. So in this instance harmonizing to consequentialism theory stealing is non bad while it to the full contradicts with Kantians theory. Ethical Dilemmas Ethical quandary can be addressed as moral quandary. An ethical quandary is a state of affairs where in moral rule or ethical duties conflict in such a manner as to do any possible declaration to the quandary morally unbearable. In other words, an ethical quandary is any state of affairs in which steering moral rules can non find which class of action is right or incorrect. Can simplified as you will hold issue and you will hold a solution which will take you to an unethical manner. ( Lee Flamand, 2007 ) . Ethical, Legal, Professional, Social and Cultural Issues in Ethical Hacking When we discuss about ethical hacking there are many issues which can be listed, which will originate in many fortunes. For measuring these issues and come up with a good solution or sentiments the above discussed, structured ethical rules and ethical theories can be taken off. This will evidently give a clear image to the reader. In this survey for farther more analysis two of import incidents will be assessed by me utilizing the both ethical theories. A Dutch hacker who copied patient files from a University of Washington medical centre ( and was non caught ) said in an online interview that he did it to publicise the system s exposure non to utilize the information. He disclosed parts of the files to a journalist after the medical centre said that no patient files had been copied. ( Sara Baase, A Gift of Fire, 2003. ) If we critically measure the above scenario, it is obvious that the hacker has committed a cyber offense and he should be punished harmonizing to the Kantianism theory which tells some actions are ever incorrect . Even though the Dutch hacker did nt misused the copied files he has break into the web and penetrated it. So it s ethically incorrect when we see in the position of Kant s theory. But if we evaluate this utilizing Consequentialism theory it will wholly belie with Kantianism theory. Though the hacker was non acquire caught he has came to an online interview to denote that there is exposure in University of Washington s medical Centre s web which can be easy attacked. So this good behaviour of the hacker shows that he has came to this determination refering about the improvement of the patients. which direct the theory an action is good If the effects bring greatest benefit to figure of people .If he has published all the copied files through the cyberspace the both parti es will be acquire affected, the patients and the University. The files may incorporate confidential information of patients and which they neer want to expose. So although this act can be identified as ethically right whilst its lawfully incorrect. Therefore by this action the Medical Centre gets a opportunity to procure and support their systems from future onslaughts. But a harmonizing to the statement A solution to an ethical issue can raise another issue Anonymous. May be this act is ethically right harmonizing to the theory of Consequentialism. But what if the hacker found some medical information about his friend? Which information is a kept secret? What if he tells him? What if the friends get to cognize that his confidential medical information has got leaked through the cyberspace? These sorts of issues can originate which will sometimes take into an ethical quandary. If we move to the following instance which is, A 17 twelvemonth old hacker know as YTcracker, who penetrated several authorities and military web sites ( including those properties to the Bureau of Land Management s National Training Center, NASA s Goddard Space Flight Center and the Defense Contracts Audit Agency ) said he routinely sends messages to authorities web site decision makers take a firm standing that they address exposures and follow Unix or other more unafraid systems can be penetrated, but the messages mostly go neglected. YTcracker said in his disfigurement of web site he targeted systems the authorities would look at and take earnestly and procure it. ( Federal Computer Week, 1999 ) Though this instance is Similar to the above discussed one, it provides a different thought. The hacker who has penetrated all these sites called YTcracker has merely one purpose that is to alarm and advise the authorities organisations to protect their valuable information s, Which can be easy breached and gained entree. If critically measure this instance harmonizing to the Kantianism theory. The act of YTcracker is ethically incorrect as it threatens the ethical rules go beyond the theory. But harmonizing to the point of Consequentialism theory the act is ethical. Because the hacker has nt done any harm to the authorities organisations utilizing their web sites. He has merely warned and notified them to do them more secured. So greater sum of people gets benefited, because there are most sensitive information s are available in authorities sites such as National Security, Military and NASA. So if the hacker leaks the information from their databases what will go on there are would be a immense job for the US authorities. But both of these incidents are illegal harmonizing to the Computer Misuse Act 1990 even they are ethical harmonizing to the theories. Because the hackers have offended unauthorised entree to computing machine stuff ( Misuse Act 1990 ) Ethical Concerns and Professional Issues When implementing an ethical drudge in an organisation there are ethical issues which engages with information systems professionals can be addressed as, Ethical Hackers have to interrupt the organisations security policy and processs. Violating the codification of behavior. Privacy of the employer and employees Secret Business scheme, Marketing Strategy and merchandise formula escape If we further analyze above ethical issues a inquiry may originate, Does ethical hacking is ethical? Before address the issues, we are tend to happen a solution for the above inquiry so if, we evaluate the inquiry by seting into Kantianism theory somehow its interrupting the regulations and ordinance, braking the houses security policies and processs, perforating the codification of behavior. So this act of ethical hacking can can non be ethical. Even though the professional hackers do it legally it can be unethical, Harmonizing to Kant s point of position. Sing with position point of consequentialism theory this procedure can be identified as ethically right, because it s all done for the improvement of the organisation. So there is no manner of knocking it. Firms do these to seek the exposures and support the full web there should be a testing process. So this can be taken as that. In this point of position we can make up ones mind it s all ethically correct, even though they break their ain codification of behavior. As information systems professionals point of position ethical hacking can be identified as a complete muss. Because they have to lodge to a codification of behavior. Then merely they are professionals. But when they are being forced to go against these footings when they involve in incursion trials there are in problem as professionals. Therefore as professionals who are expected to follow with local Torahs, sometimes they may hold to measure and measure ethical and legal issues against their forces values. There can be privacy invasion takes topographic point when they do a ethical drudge. Most of the houses hire an ethical since they do nt use one. So when he perforate their systems and web he can acquire whatever the information he needs from the organisations databases and webs. All confidential employee and spouse paperss and information can be seen. The ethical hacker is able to see all the weak points of the firewall. If the ethical hacker is non a professional he may assail the organisation subsequently when he needs. Or he will be a large menace. So these issues may originate. And even the secret selling and concern scheme of a taking company leaks the hacker can sell it for the rivals. So this would be a menace for some houses to carry on and incursions test utilizing an Legal Issues and Laws When sing about legal facets, the issues which was discussed in the above paragraphs can be brought up since it involves legal issues. Even though those incidents were ethical, it s wholly illegal, because it breaks the Computer Misuse Act 1990. This Act will be clearly discussed below, The Computer Misuse Act 1990 TheA Computer Misuse Act 1990A is an Act of theA UK Parliament. The Bill finally became the Computer Misuse Act in August 1990.The Act introduced three new condemnable offenses: Unauthorized entree to computing machine stuff Unauthorized entree to computing machine stuff with the purpose to perpetrate or ease committee of farther offenses Unauthorized alteration of computing machine stuff. ( Statuelaw, 1990 ) What if an ethical hacker pretends to be an inside interloper? He who knows the full web and secrets of a company. So he can easy damage and destruct the full information system. When these state of affairss occur harmonizing to the abuse act legal issues can be identified. For an illustration a disgruntled computing machine technician at Reuters in Hong Kong detonated logic bombs at five investment-bank clients, doing 36 hours of downtime in webs supplying market information crucial for trading. The Bankss switched instantly to alternative services and reported no important effects on their work ; nevertheless, Reuters was profoundly embarrassed by the incident ( Financial Times Limited, November 1996 ) so looking into these factors the organisation should be to the full cognizant of these sorts of menace which can be aroused. Sometimes Internal political relations may coerce the ethical hacker to do immense losingss for the house. When they employ for and public company. There are so many people in a manager board. So what if the ethical hacker gets an order from higher direction to works a logic bomb or make a parasite for of import information of the house and put the incrimination on another individual. For the ethical hacker this occupation is non that much hard. Even they may inquire him to steal other companies confidential paperss. This might do legal issues which will wholly damage the house s repute. These sorts of issues can originate without the consciousness of the direction. Social and Cultural Concerns It is agreed that in concern moralss there are tonss of issues as deeply addressed in above paragraphs and societal and cultural issues can besides identified as one of them. Social issues are about to impact on the society. IT depends on the society s reaction and behaviour. Harmonizing to the ethical rules houses should negociate with the society. If an Information System of a Hospital or a School got hacked, there would be immense issues in the society. As their sensitive information contain on those Information Systems. Similarly this instance may happen in a house. So when an ethical hacker gets involved in this procedure he has to maintain the trust on them if non the incrimination can be put on him by the society. So both parties get affected. The trade name image can be acquire spoilt in the society when their information s get leaked out. They will lose the trust and religion on their employer. And when the ethical hacking procedure gets leaked out there are opportunities of impacting the company s civilization. If there is a civilization there are certain values to be respected. And if this values acquire exploited by the incursion examiners issues may originate. And when they design these IS system they should esteem the values without harming it. For e.g. Pornography. Decision From the clearly structured survey, it is understood ethical hacking consideration is important to keeping a verifiable degree of information security. Even though there are tonss of issues in certain facets of Ethical hacking ; it is a critical constituent of our overall security plan which keeps the internal, contracted security. Ethical hacking is a necessity in order to protect company assets and remain near to the world of unethical hacking. It ethical hacking is really of import and helps salvage you money and repute in the long tally. Ethical Hacking is the best manner to measure the web from an foreigner s position. To cut down the addressed issues above organisations can hold their ain ethical hacking squad or hacker to forestall outside information escape and to acquire rid of the fright of that. I think ethical hacking is a must hold for any serious organisation today in this fast moving concern universe. It should be a critical portion of any proactive organisation in today s planetary competitory market.

The Suicide Death of Conrad Roy III

The Suicide Death of Conrad Roy III On July 12, 2014, Conrad Roy III, 18, killed himself by carbon monoxide poisoning by shutting himself in the cab of his pickup truck in a Kmart parking lot with a running gasoline-powered water pump.​ On Feb. 6, 2015, Roys 17-year-old girlfriend Michelle Carter, who was being treated in a mental facility at the time of his death, was charged with involuntary manslaughter for encouraging him to go through with his suicide plan via a number of text messages and phone calls, including one call while he was dying. Here are the latest developments in the Conrad Roy III case. Judge Upholds Manslaughter Charges in Encouraged Suicide Case Sept. 23, 2015:Â  A juvenile court judge has denied a motion to drop criminal charges against a Massachusetts teenager who encouraged her boyfriend to commit suicide. Michelle Carter will face involuntary manslaughter charges for the death of Conrad Roy III. Judge Bettina Borders pointed to evidence that shows Carter was on the phone with Roy for 45 minutes while he was in his vehicle inhaling the carbon monoxide that would kill him and failed to call the police. Judge Borders also cited text messages that reveal that Carter, 17 at the time, told Roy to get back in the truck when his suicide plan began to work and he became afraid. The Grand Jury could find probable cause that her failure to act within the 45 minutes, as well as her instruction to the victim to get back into the truck after he got out of the truck, caused the victims death, the judge said in her ruling to deny the defense motion to dismiss the charges. The defense plans to appeal Borders ruling. The next pretrial hearing is scheduled November 30. Michelle Carters Attorney Wants Charges Dropped Aug. 28, 2015 - The attorney for an 18-year Massachusetts teen accused of encouraging her boyfriend to commit suicide has asked a judge to dismiss the charges against her because prosecutors are trying to apply manslaughter to speech. Joseph Cataldo, attorney for Michelle Carter, said his client is not responsible for the death of Conrad Roy III. It was his plan, Cataldo told the judge. He is someone who caused his own death. Michelle Carters only role in this is words. Carter, who was being treated at McLean Hospital, a psychiatric facility, at the time of Roys death, has been charged with involuntary manslaughter in New Bedford Juvenile Court. Online Relationship Roy, from Mattapoisett, and Carter, from Plainville, had seen each other only a couple of times in-person, they were mostly online friends, exchanging thousands of text messages over the past two years. Cataldo said that Carter, now 18, at first tried to discourage Roy from killing himself, but when that did not work, she became brainwashed over the weeks leading up to his death to assisting him with his suicide plans. Roy had been hospitalized in a psychiatric facility two years before his death and was on medication for his mental condition, Cataldo said. Roy left suicide notes at his home for his family on the day he died. Romeo and Juliet Pact Rejected Cataldo told the court that just days before he killed himself, Roy sent Carter a text suggesting that they should kill themselves together like Romeo and Juliet. Carter responded to the text with, (Expletive), no we are not dying. Carter tried to help Roy by suggesting that he join her at McLean Hospital, but he rejected the idea, Cataldo said. The government is harping, if you will, on her saying when are you going to do it? When are you going to do it? Joseph Cataldo, Carters attorney said. What they are not harping on are all the times she said dont do it, dont do it. Words Are Harmful But, at the court hearing on the defense motion to dismiss the charges, Assistant District Attorney Katie Rayburn told the court that it is possible to commit a crime with words only. One can be an aider and abettor or an accessory before the fact simply for words, Rayburn told the judge. Her words are not protected, Your Honor. Her words are harmful, offensive and likely to cause an immediate, violent act. The indictment against Carter included text messages she sent other friends after Roys death in which she appears to admit being responsible for his death. Its My Fault It’s my fault. I was talking to him while he killed himself. I heard him cry in pain, Carter texted a friend. I was on the phone with him and he got out of the car because it was working and he got scared and I told him to get back in. In a later text, she explained why she told him to get back into the vehicle. I told him to get back in because I knew he would do it all over again the next day, and I couldnt have him live that way the way he was living anymore. I couldnt do it. I wouldnt let him, Carter said. Therapy didnt help him and I wanted him to go to McLeans with me when I went but he would go in the other department for his issues, but he didnt want to go because he said nothing they would do or say would help him or change the way he feels. So I like, started giving up because nothing I did was helping and but I should have tried harder, she continued. Like, I should have did (sic) more. Its all my fault because I could have stopped him but I (expletive) didnt. All I had to say was I love you and dont do this one more time, and hed still be here, Carter said. You Just Fall Asleep On Aug. 28, prosecutors released to the media other texts that Carter sent directly to Roy during the time leading up to his death. They included: There is no way you can fail... Youre strong... I love you to the moon and back and deeper than the ocean and higher than the pines, too, babe forever and always. Its painless and quickEveryone will be sad for a while but they will get over it and move on.Do you have the generator? WELL WHEN ARE YOU GETTING IT?You just need to do it, Conrad. The more you push it off, the more it will eat at you. Youre ready and prepared.All you have to do is turn the generator on and you will be free and happy. No more pushing it off. No more waiting.You have everything you need. There is no way you can fail. Tonight is the night. Its now or never.Yeah, it will work. If you emit 3200 ppm of it for five or ten minutes you die within a half hour. You lose consciousness with no pain. You just fall asleep and die. Conviction and Sentencing Carter was freed on $2,500 bond and was ordered by the judge not to use social media. Even in youthful offender court, in Massachusetts, she was looking at the possibility of being sentenced to 20 years if convicted. However, in August 2017 she was sentenced to 15 months in prison, with the sentencing judge ultimately convicting her of involuntary manslaughter due in part to the complexities of criminal responsibility in the case. Source Woman sentenced to 15 months in texting suicide case, CNN.com. August 3, 2017

Remember the Simple Days of Reading

Remember the Simple Days of Reading Reach back in your memories, and remember how you read books. As a chid, as a teen, as a young adult, then now. Which book, when you see the title again, springs a memory back to life, reminding you how intensely you fell into that story and didnt want to climb out? I built a tree house for my grandsons second birthday. Yeah, I know its a little over-the- top nuts, but I designed it and had it built so its a place hell retreat to long into college. Right now its all about climbing the stairs and peering at the tree limbs and over at the chickens. In a few years, itll be about Swiss Family Robinson, Diary of a Wimpy Kid, or something along the line of Maximum Ride. Im running power to it in the future so that, yes, he can drag his laptop up there and maybe even spend the night, maybe bring his friends along. While I have a selfish motive, that of having him around more, I did it because what kid hasnt wished for a tree house? On Facebook, I showed pictures of the house (see one at the top of this newsletter cool, huh?), and was dumbfounded at the 200+ responses from adults. Men and women who recalled their tree houses, or pined over never having one. So I asked them why theres such an attraction to tree houses? Privacy, a place to read, a place to write, a place to feel closer to nature. If we reach back again in those reading memories mentioned earlier, thats what we wanted from the time we could read Dick and Jane books. Its an escape into our deep, true selves, gifting ourselves with permission to reach far. That is what a book is supposed to do. Sometimes, in our frenzy to learn how to publish, or our yearning to make money, we forget that feeling were supposed to be offering to readers. Maybe we need to climb up into a tree house to remember.

Program Design and Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Program Design and Development - Essay Example This may be attributed to availability of weapons such as firearms and the influence of the media, more so, the social media (Ferguson, Maryam & Raskin, 2005). As a result, the injuries inflicted on the victims are truly fatal. Furthermore, many people were made angry by the juvenile system’s inability to manage or put under control violent behavior exhibited by young people. The politics of current laws of juvenile justice reforms leaves a lot of doubt about the administration. The legislators maintain that the people require policies that are tough. On the other hand, moral panics tend to disappear after a crisis. The Congress’ goal should be to move the country away from laws and policies that have failed and more often than not turned young delinquents into tough criminals to an agenda that promotes rehabilitation and mentoring. The justice system in America has for a long time categorized a vast number of offenders that are young as adults, taking their cases in co urts for adults and sending them to adult prisons (Miller & Bartollas, 2007). This paper will be a design of a criminal justice program to remedy the Juvenile Justice problem in America. Delinquency Prevention Program The Delinquency Prevention Program will concentrate on the risk and protecting factors revealed to be associated with juvenile delinquency. Utilizing this method, individuals start with identifying risk factors that add on to their problem of delinquency. These factors may include negative peer influence; unemployment; drug and substance abuse in the surrounding environments; truancy; violence in the home or community; poor achievement in school; and lack of involvement by the society, family or school (Zimring, 2005). In looking at the risk factors, societies take into account a number of school, peer, community, and family factors that promote delinquency. After the identification of the risk factors, individuals in the community add to the protective factors that ca n help curb or minimize behaviors that are delinquent. Strategies to put forward protective factors may involve community volunteer services, academic tutoring, organized family activities, and the use of mentoring programs. The protective factors can enhance a young person’s resistance to risk. The living environment can also be enhanced through promoting social interaction that is positive, creating attachment in the society, and facilitating strong connections in the family (Shelden, 2011). From this point of view, prevention of juvenile delinquency is perceived to be cheaper than rehabilitating young delinquents. Detention Center Incarceration Program The Detention Center Incarceration Program includes a section that gives emphasis to physical work, extreme treatment and educational services, and discipline like that of the military. In addition, the program gives supervision that is intense joined with transitional and treatment services in the society. The programâ€⠄¢s philosophy is similar to that of the Boot Camp Incarceration Program. This program is essential for the first time juvenile offenders who are seen to be needy of security by the court and arrested for nonviolent offences. The juvenile delinquents can benefit from a structured program and strictly controlled environment. School-Based Probation The School-Based probation program has a probation officer in a school premise to provide direct administration of

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Opening Labor Markets On A Global Essay

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Opening Labor Markets On A Global Scale - Essay Example The main characteristic of globalization is enhanced free trade between countries, the easier passage of the capital between country's borders, an enormous increase in foreign direct investment. This increases efficiency, and this is one benefit that is readily identifiable. As a result, many countries in with open labor markets, growth for both small firms and multinational companies, can now access new markets across the world. Due to this effect in the economy, there has been increased transport and communication between nations and continents. When economy sells the same product worldwide due to the efficiency, an individual company can Purchase its raw materials in bulk, in the long run, saving the firm thousands of dollars per year (Loayza & Serven, 2010 p., 123). Due to these illustrations, it is quickly established that firms in the opened market tend to be more competitive and efficient. Since open labor markets assist in the maintenance costs down for companies. For instanc e, companies have been able to get rid of surplus workers. This can assist these companies to avoid being bankrupt and in the long run protect jobs. Arguably with globalization, it is becoming more and more essential for companies to remain competitive within any global economy. This is achievable through open labor market strategies (Dao & Dao, 2008 p., 151). Opening labor market benefits for economies and consumers. Consumers are able to enjoy a greater choice of foreign goods and services since they are offered for them to buy.

Postmodern Theory in Art Essay Example for Free

Postmodern Theory in Art Essay Philosophy refers to the search for truth, existence, knowledge and performance through sense and rationale. Philosophy attempts to study the nature of existence, soundness, impartiality, beauty, mind and language. Art on the other hand refers to the process of arranging elements in a creative manner that makes them appealing to the senses and the emotions. Art includes performance which involves the use of language. The artist Paul McCarthy, born in 1945 in Salt Lake City, learned his art skills at the University of Utah in the year 1969. On his further studies at San Francisco art institute, he studied painting and went further to study film, video and art at the University of Southern California. McCarthy majors his work in video and sculpture having taught performance, video, installation and performance art history at the University of California (Bronfen 214). McCarthy in his works institutes color as a central theme in his story of modern and contemporary work. McCarthy’s life and art works are connected to the practice centered on the role of artists within the cultures and the system of art. In his works he proves a bit of a chocker. The use of language and descriptions of all the American culture that he grew up with, he works towards bending and transforming the familiar into the disturbing. The works of McCarthy definitely removes the dark side of the American dream and presents a selection of postmodern works produced between 1966 and 2006. The philosophies of Kierkegaard involved a unifying factor which evolved around three spheres of existence, which is the aesthetic, the ethical and the religious choice in constant tension. According to Kierkegaard the personal aesthetic enjoyment is in the inconsistent search of pleasure which is self-centered. Comparing the artist Paul McCarthy to this philosophy, it is clear that the philosophy involved beauty and pleasure which is mainly egocentric just like the work of McCarthy which involves the provision of pleasurable activities, through performance and beautiful paintings (Robert Adorno 132). The ethical sphere however is not egocentric but impersonal. It involves a law centered on reasoning as opposed to personal inclination and expediency. Kierkegaard asserts that at this stage, life does not just involve a succession of separate moments of pleasure but is a long range venture which should be structured according to rational principles. The principles according to Kierkegaard’s philosophies do not only include the rules of eventual interest but the conceptual ideologies of morality that describe what an individual should do. Just like Kierkegaard’s ideals, in McCarthy’s attempts to reduce the disadvantages of painting, he resorted to using the body as a canvas. He later involved the use of bodily fluids and foods to act as surrogates in his work. Other than painting the work of McCarthy included transgressive presentation art, psychosexual events which were meant to test the emotions of both the artist and the viewer. McCarthy in his works was known for shocking, sexually charged pieces that feature benign cartoon and pop culture characters reflecting the ideologies of morality which teaches the viewers and the artist on what they should do (Glennie 34). Much of the works of Kierkegaard looks into religious premises like the faith in God, the organization of the Christian church, the Christian ethics and divinity and the emotions and feelings of different people when dealing with the choices of life. Kierkegaard remained the most influential figure in modern philosophy’s consideration just like McCarthy who remained the most influential artist in the postmodern artistry. Kierkegaard believed and insisted on individual rather than collective responsibility before God. In the stage of true religious choice, only a leap of faith that provides a ground for decision is employed, however there are no automatic rational decision procedures. According to the philosophy of Kierkegaard, acknowledgment of the need for religion as a personal dedication to truth is the major component of life. Relating to this principle of Kierkegaard, McCarthy centers his interest within the daily activities of life and the confusion created by such activities. Due to misinformation by people, McCarthy has been taken to be influenced by the Viennese Actionism. Due to his dedication to truth as his life component, McCarthy clarifies that he knew the activities of the group in the 1970s but there exists a big difference between the self deleterious activities of the Viennese and his own performances. This is a reflection that as Kierkegaard’s principle of individual responsibility to God, McCarthy obeys the same principle and would therefore not engage in the injurious activities of the Viennese (Ben 56). The view of Kierkegaard on the free press can be understood on why he hated the press. He was mainly concerned on the public sphere which had been a source of problem for many intellectuals in the middle of the 18th century before the democratization and the expansion of the press. In his view to the free press, Kierkegaard abandoned the use of internet with the claims that it promoted risk free ambiguity and idle curiosity that undermined responsibility and dedication. Kierkegaard’s opposition to the press is said to have had sociological, political and psychological motivations. He however claims that he does not attack the press because of the liberalism or any other political reason. As has been noted earlier, the works of Kierkegaard mainly revolved around religious issues. His view was therefore opposing free press because he believed that the press and especially the daily newspaper were making Christianity and religious matters impossible. Definitely from his political, sociological and psychological qualms, he considered the press as a threat to both cultural and religious practices. Because of these reasons Kierkegaard continued to attack the public and the press up to 1846 in his writings. With the democratization of the public sphere by the daily press, Kierkegaard felt that the public sphere was becoming a new and a dangerous cultural experience whereby the ranking created by the press was to produce something that was very wrong right from the beginning. In the modern society Kierkegaard gives his total view on the relation of the press, public sphere and the ranking taking place in his time. He considers the press mysterious and desituated with no obsession and dedication and combines in this philosophical age to produce the public. The ideals and the philosophies of Kierkegaard strongly affected the theologians and the existential philosophy. Even though Kierkegaard was a very strong defender of religious faith he was an unhappy, neurotic and a terribly suffering man (Ben 356). His belief was that the best way to disclose truth was through dramatic confrontation of conflicting practices to life. In addition to his ideals and philosophical works, Kierkegaard was a thinker and a genius. His philosophy despite having not been presented in a systematic and analytical manner, contain several wealth of sharp intellectual insights. Due to lack of coherent stance, the philosophies of Kierkegaard have remained questionable. Nevertheless according to Kierkegaard, his principles have been mainly on how one can become a Christian. Other than his philosophical work, Kierkegaard had complex poetic work which rewards careful reading. The totals of moral of his philosophy can be put into a single sentence that the existence of human beings needs real passion and thought. Conclusion Art and philosophy may be two different disciplines, but still some principles or morals of an artist and a philosopher may relate in some way. The revealed example is between the artist Paul McCarthy and the philosopher Soren Kierkegaard. The ideals and the philosophies of Soren Kierkegaard match the artist Paul McCarthy for instance, both of them seems to value aesthetics, ethical values and religious choices and issues.

Mike Nichols Film, Regarding Henry Essay -- Film Movies

Mike Nichols' Film, Regarding Henry Life can change in an instant. One second you are a successful and ruthless lawyer, the next you’re a simple man with absolutely no memory of who or where you are. The film â€Å"Regarding Henry† shows this perfectly as it travels through the life of a man named Henry Turner. The main focus of the film is how important family life is. Before the accident, Henry hardly even knew his daughter and almost never spoke to her. At the start of the film the father-daughter relationship was very weak, he would never speak to her when he came home from work because he didn’t have time, but when he did he lectured to her - like when she spilled grape juice on his â€Å"prize piano† and yelled at her. His life revolved around the courtroom, where he spent most of his time. Sarah, his wife told him to apologize to his daughter, which he finally did after arguing with her. Even when he tried to apologize to her after a party, he found it difficult to express his feelings and just talked about the case he had won that day. Before the accident Henry was always working, even when he came home, he would still continued to work. Henry was a self centered and arrogant man who was only interested in winning a case, working and smoking. Henry loved his eggs and was always at parties, celebrating or mocking his clients, which he was very good at. He was excellent at what he did and would go to any extent of lying to win â€Å"like the Matthew’s case.† He was also ext...

Olive Garden Service Blueprint Essay

We chose Olive Garden restaurant to do our service blueprint on. There were various factors that helped us make our decision. The first factor was that it was a restaurant and we believe that restaurants have more key â€Å"wow points† than hotels. Also, the mood and emotions of the guest can be more easily influenced at restaurants. By constructing a service blueprint, we are able to understand exactly what the customer wants and how every point in their visit can be influenced by the staff, management, and restaurant operation. Another big factor in making our decision about choosing Olive Garden was the amount of evidence and information available to us regarding the restaurant. A larger operation, such as McDonalds or Denny’s would have an enormous amount of information available. But, by choosing a restaurant with larger amounts of information, the information would become lost in translation. There would so much information available, which would most likely not be consistent with what we wanted. There is an Olive Garden close to all of our houses, so we found it beneficial to pay a visit to the establishment to draw up other information. A third factor for choosing Olive Garden was its reputation. It is known for its food and its service, and we thought that we could conclude evidence that would show us why this restaurant is so popular. Everybody knows Olive Garden and the majority of people, who know it, love it. The three key factors about the Physical Evidence are: Host/Hostess stand, menu, and food/food appearance. The host stand is the first thing that the guest sees when coming to the restaurant. You must make sure that the host stand is properly organized and ready to take reservations and names. The guest wants to be sat in a timely manner and if they are quoted a 20-minute wait-time, they don’t want to have to wait thirty minutes. You must also hire very friendly people for the host stand. They are the biggest impact on starting the guest experience. If you have a very negative host, it could lead to the customer having a negative experience. The host has the ability to sway the emotions of the guest. The menu is the second biggest key to physical evidence. Customers who dine at Olive Garden want variety. The customers also want consistency. Some of your guest always wants to try  something new and the others get the same thing every time they dine at the restaurant. The menu must be consistent with all Olive Gardens and it also must have an evolving factor about it. The third factor is the food and the food appearance. The food appearance must be good enough to the corporate standards of the company. Most of their guests have been to a different Olive Garden before. If they are the guests that always gets the same menu item every time, they want to make sure that the food tastes and looks the same as before. The food must also be quality food. This means that the food must be able to please all members at the table. Since it is a chain, every lost guest is worth more than as if it was a single standing establishment. The food coming out cold could be a huge factor relating to a negative experience. There can be potential problem areas that must be identified in a service blueprint. One of the first slow points that may occur would be when the customer is greeted and put on a wait list. If a customer is not given a correct wait list time, this could result in slow delivery and a potentially upset customer. One of the most obvious potential problem areas of Olive Garden’s service blueprint is taking the food order. It is important that the correct food order is received, that the food is cooked as ordered, and is delivered to the customer in a reasonable amount of time. Since this area goes through at least three different channels, it is a key point where slow delivery can occur or the possibility that an incorrect order could get put through to the kitchen. One of the last fail points could be processing the bill. This can be a huge fail area due to the possibility of ringing up a wrong order, or splitting the check with different debit cards and cash. While there may be certain areas that can be prone to slow delivery or problems for the customer, there are solutions to address these areas and create a flawless experience based on the service blueprint. For example, wait times must be calculated correctly in order to assure a customer is given a correct time. It will cause a backup in the amount of people waiting and stir problems if someone is told that the wait is about 15 minutes, and they are waiting 25. It is better to give a little bit longer of a wait time just to give a little bit of flexibility. In regards to the food order process, the best possible alternative to these problem areas is to have the  server write down the correct order, repeat it with the guests, and ensure the order is cooked correctly before bringing it out to the customers. This is an important area to be precise in because the product of Olive Garden is their food, and service will lack credibility if the food is not brought out correctly. Finally, the last fail point that must be addressed very seriously is the processing of the check for the customers. This area is so important because it is the last interaction with customer and the last piece of physical evidence they have to take with from the experience. If this experience is not seamless and quick, it may ruin the whole experience. Because of this, the solution for the Olive Garden server is to be quick, efficient, and to double check with the customers on how they want the bill split (if they do). All these areas have simple solutions that can be easily overlooked and it is important to keep them in mind every day. Service blueprints can be used in an organization for marketing, human resource management, and operations. When designing a blueprint for marketing you should take into account what the customer actually sees or handles. If you are marketing free food to attract customers, you should also see how many steps are involved in providing that free food. Marketing is a tricky area in the industry. Many different items can fall under marketing and when designing a bluepr int you should mange all those items and areas. When designing the blueprint for human resources, you should focus on all personnel. You should include factors involving hiring new employees and maintaining current employees. Also, some human resource departments may also want to create another list of items relating to their relationship and personnel involving the unions. The managers should decipher what needs to go into the blueprint by creating a chart that lists all responsibilities and duties of the human resource department. The Operations blueprint will be bigger than other department’s blueprints. This is where the guest has the most contact with the employees and staff. There is also more physical evidence in this department than all other areas. The support process will be smaller in comparison with the contact person category. Making the blueprint has taught me a lot about the restaurant industry. I have noticed there are many factors of physical evidence that can affect the experience of a guest. I didn’t realize that parking could cause some guests  to get irritated. While at Olive Garden, I notice one of the employees was outside cleaning up the parking lot and making sure that there was no trash anywhere. I also noticed there are several points where a guest can be delighted. Something as easy as making sure the drinks are delivered as quickly as possible can lead to a guest getting that â€Å"wow† factor. Making sure that you have a proper support process is also something that affects the restaurant as a whole. In the process of the host stand, they should make sure that there is a proper reservations and seating system being used. While in the business world, I will make sure that all items on a blueprint will have a proper and effective support system. The only way you can effective ly mange people is by being able to manage them when you’re not around. This is an example of properly staffing, training, and creating systems for the employees to follow.

Philosophy of Nursing Leadership Essay

I have worked in healthcare for over thirteen years both as new scare nurse and as an informal leader and as an appointed manager. Throughout this process I have experienced many different feelings towards my managers and experienced several different types of management styles as related to our recent management concept learning. A prior class text book definition states â€Å"Philosophy looks at the nature of things and aims to provide the meaning of the nursing phenomena. Philosophies are the broadest in scope and provide a broad understanding† (Blaise & Hayes 2002 p. 98). Combining a defined leadership theory with my own personal nursing philosophy engages a higher level of understanding about personal concepts and ideas of my past experiences and the possibility for growth as a leader. Peter Drucker’s theory in regards to involving the entire organization in planning and establishing the management process has been implemented for many years at my current employmen t, to include weekly staff meetings with open discussions and an anonymous â€Å"drop box† for problems or ideas to be shared with upper management. We also give one-hundred dollar bonus to any employee who presents a new idea or plan and the hospital corporation agrees to use it. This form of staff participation in leadership by Peter Drucker was used to advise the heads of General Motors, Sears, General Electric, W.R. Grace and IBM, among many others. Often times Drucker offered his management advice to non-profits like the American Red Cross and the Salvation Army. Drucker’s theory in the health care setting encourages individual autonomy and embraces the ideal of leaders not being born but can should be taught and encouraged to use their best judgments for every unique situation. Drucker is quoted as stating â€Å"Leadership is something scientific but has artistic expression.† Artistic expression is individualized and when an organization encourages this individuality of its member’s the results can in turn provided broader solutions and opportunity for growth.  This form of collaboration of many different unique perspective and special skills are imperative in today’s health care system as specifically outlined by the American Nurses Association (ANA) â€Å"recognition of the expertise of others within and outside the profession, and referral to those other providers when appropriate† (2003, p.8) The increasing competitive nature of health care and ever changing technology and change make it imperative for a health care organization to work together as a team for the betterment of the patient outcomes and a hospital’s long term viability. Personal Growth as a Nurse Leader With review of my personal experiences in my nursing career, I can now see the obvious management transitions that took place at the facility I worked at. When I first started working, I basically felt like a â€Å"warm body† only there to perform certain tasks at certain times and felt of no real value to actual hospital’s overall revenue or outcome. Looking back at the management style from that time, I felt no real structure or individual importance toward the outcome of the hospital I worked for. The hospital was a non-profit, government owned facility and the resulting management style is easily related to the Laissez-faire leadership form. With this â€Å"hands off† (Finkleman, p6) form of management comes a great lack of feeling of security or capability to grow and learn as a nurse. Three year after working there a new company bought out our hospital and many extreme changes happened. Computer charting came in, new managers, new rules, new standards and m any people left because of these changes. Not because they were bad changes but because they simply did not want to accept change. With these changes emerged a new management technique that follow the Drucker philosophy of encouraging staff participation, goal setting and leadership learning with in the hospital. I will never forget the first time the hospital administrator came up to me, shook my hand and simply asked how everything on my nursing unit was going. If I had any problems or concerns. This form of management encouraged professional growth and self-esteem. I became more familiar with small skills such as intravenous access, medications, equipment and general patient involvement, I began to find myself more interested in the art of health care and learning. Challenges and learning became my journey and led me to a management position in the  emergency room department. I grew as a person and as a nurse. I learned so many things about health care and genuinely cared for my co-workers. Their input was invaluable and helped us create new policies and systems to give our patients better care. I learned mostly about myself and who I wanted to be as a person and a leader or example to other nurses. I became very confident after ten years in this department and enjoyed the teamwork of this area and wanted to be able to do more with this invaluable acquired knowledge. I came to an understanding of a nurse’s ability to provide their perspectives and past experiences to help other care for the patients. In conclusion, with the educational advancements and experience I hope to continue to learn how to be an effective leader. I would like to see our organization encourage some the emotional intelligence theory philosophy into our practice to encourage stronger relationships between all staff. As stated in (Finkelman, 2011 p 10), â€Å"emotional intelligent leadership is key to creating a working climate that nurtures its employees and encourages them to do their best with enthusiasm, in turn this pays off in improved business performance.† I believe that all people inherently want to be recognized for what they do and need positive reinforcement. With future leadership roles I hope to incorporate both of these leadership theories of including the employees in the organizations plans, group problem solving and building good leaders along with stronger emotional relationships built on encouragement and positive reinforcement to provide an open positive learning environment with s trong inter employee relationships. References Blais, K., & Hayes, J. (2002). Professional nursing practice. (2011 ed., Vol. 6, pp. 2, 27-29, 268). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Retrieved from http//www.pearsonhighered.com Finkelman, A.(2006).Leadership and Management for Nurses. (2011 2nd ed., pp. 5-13).Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Retrieved from http//www.pearsonhighered.com Nursing Times. (2011) Leadership Skills for Nurses. Retrieved from http://www.nursingtimes.net/Journals/2011/j/n/i/Leadership-Skills-for-Nurses. pdf

Free Essays on All-in-1 Toothpaste

Strengths 1.Unique Product Our All-in-1 toothpaste will encompass all the qualities of the top toothpastes into 1 tube. Our All-in-1 toothpaste will provide tartar control, whitening, cavity protection, fresh taste, mouthwash, and more. We will market this toothpaste as being the best toothpaste to satisfy all users in a household, our toothpaste is the new â€Å"family toothpaste† or has the qualities to satisfy every user in the house. Weakness 1.New Company Being a new company is a weakness in itself. We do not have a loyal customer base nor do we have any brand recognition. Through creative marketing we hope to create a curious buzz regarding our product. We want consumers to be so interested in our product that they run right out and purchase it. Opportunities 1.Need Everyone needs to use toothpaste in order to clean their teeth. Perception is a huge drive behind the need for clean teeth. Seventy-one percent of Americans said they are less likely to marry someone with bad teeth and 74% believe bad teeth can hurt career success, according to the Mentadent Smart Mouth survey. Also, 33% said whitening is the attribute they look for most when shopping for toothpaste. Threats 1.Competition Globally Colgate commands a market share of 80% or more. Its numbers aren't quite so dominant in the U.S., but Colgate grabbed the lead over Procter & Gamble's Crest after launching Total toothpaste in late 1997. At that time the U.S. Food & Drug Administration's approved Total as the only toothpaste that reduces the gum disease gingivitis. The result, it's now the No. 1 toothpaste recommended by dentists. Thanks to such relentless marketing, Colgate continues to chew up the competition. It accounts for more than one-third of all toothpaste sales in the U.S. while once-dominant Crest holds a 29% market share. Marketing Objectives We will be marketing the All-in-1 toothpaste by promoting the basics ... Free Essays on All-in-1 Toothpaste Free Essays on All-in-1 Toothpaste Strengths 1. Unique Product Our All-in-1 toothpaste will encompass all the qualities of the top toothpastes into 1 tube. Our All-in-1 toothpaste will provide tartar control, whitening, cavity protection, fresh taste, mouthwash, and more. We will market this toothpaste as being the best toothpaste to satisfy all users in a household, our toothpaste is the new â€Å"family toothpaste† or has the qualities to satisfy every user in the house. Weakness 1. New Company Being a new company is a weakness in itself. We do not have a loyal customer base nor do we have any brand recognition. Through creative marketing we hope to create a curious buzz regarding our product. We want consumers to be so interested in our product that they run right out and purchase it. Opportunities 1. Need Everyone needs to use toothpaste in order to clean their teeth. Perception is a huge drive behind the need for clean teeth. Seventy-one percent of Americans said they are less likely to marry someone with bad teeth and 74% believe bad teeth can hurt career success, according to the Mentadent Smart Mouth survey. Also, 33% said whitening is the attribute they look for most when shopping for toothpaste. Threats 1. Competition Globally Colgate commands a market share of 80% or more. Its numbers aren't quite so dominant in the U.S., but Colgate grabbed the lead over Procter & Gamble's Crest after launching Total toothpaste in late 1997. At that time the U.S. Food & Drug Administration's approved Total as the only toothpaste that reduces the gum disease gingivitis. The result, it's now the No. 1 toothpaste recommended by dentists. Thanks to such relentless marketing, Colgate continues to chew up the competition. It accounts for more than one-third of all toothpaste sales in the U.S. while once-dominant Crest holds a 29% market share. Marketing Objectives We will be marketing the All-in-1 toothpaste by promoting the basics ...

Cemetery Where Al Jolson Is Buried English Literature Essay

Cemetery Where Al Jolson Is Buried English Literature Essay Loss of A Loved One. Amy Hempel’s short story, â€Å"In the Cemetery Where Al Jolson Is Buried† is a semi autobiography heartrending story dedicated to her beloved friend, Jessica Wolfson, who died from terminally ill. This short story shows complicated emotions and feelings of grief and fear after losing a loved one. The narrator and the dying friend are unnamed due to affect the reader to get the story more personally. Hempel does not mention the names of the characters so the reader can imagine themselves related to the narrator and her dying friend by placing the emotions and feelings of their own to be the part of story. By revealing the characters’ names in the story might present the reader not to get from the feelings of empathy and grief over losing beloved friend. The style of â€Å"In the Cemetery Where Al Jolson Is Buried† is minimalism by using an economy with words and a focus on surface description instead of using superfluous with words an d a depict of description. Hempel does well with this style because she can achieve amazingly throughout the critics. This short story is her first effort at writing story when she composed in Gordon Lish’s class at Columbia. Her stories are very well-known because they were taught among university student in the class of short stories worldwide. â€Å"In the Cemetery Where Al Jolson Is Buried† originally appeared in TriQuarterly magazine in 1983 and then reprinted in Amy Hempel’s first published collection of stories in 1985, Reasons to Live, as the most widely anthologized stories of the last quarter century. Hempel is now well-known as postmodern writer. She writes in theme of tragic comedy as if she attempts to hide the grief and sadness behind the smile. Hempel avoids the words mean exactly death in her story by using the symbol of death instead. It seems like she is still cannot cope with the grief and the loss. Even this story is minimalism but Hempel use s her talents to make reader understand her work like she is painting on the canvas page. Her language in this story is very beautiful by creating sentences as remarkable with the use of rhetoric and rhythm. Due to Amy Hempel’s interview with the Paris Review magazine she was asked how to make stories strive for cohesion, from language to logic, to how an image develops. She told that the topic is music. Amy Hempel said: â€Å"I have started a story knowing the beat, the rhythm of the first line or first paragraph, but without knowing what the words are. I will be doing the equivalent of humming a tune over and over again and then this tune will be translated into a sentence. So I might be thinking, da-da-da-da-da-da-dadada, that will become, â€Å"Tell me things I won’t mind forgetting,† which is the first line of In the Cemetery Where Al Jolson Is Buried† (Hempel Interview. The Art of Fiction No. 176) This story setting is in hospital near California co ast. The narrator reveals her grief story with her dying friend who is unnamed. Both have much great time together since they were in college. The narrator has delayed visiting her ill best friend for two months because she fears of death and loss. The friend asks the narrator to tell her something that she will not mind forgetting. Stories that the narrator tells her dying friend are quite humor and light, the stories that are nonsense and trivia. Her friend enjoys listening to her story except the sad story one about the chimp that has a heartbreaking in the end. Then the doctor enters her friend room and the narrator decides to walk out at the beach near the hospital. At the beach the narrator is walking along the coast while thinking about the relationship between her and her dying friend. The narrator returns from the beach and lies down near the friend watching a movie together while eating ice cream. Both fall asleep because of the injection. When the narrator wakes up, she t ells her friend that she really wants to go home and she will not come back for sure. Actually, the narrator fears that she does not want to see a loved one die in front of her. Even though she feels weak, small, failed and also exhilarated but she still feels guilty that she has left her terminally ill friend alone. When the narrator said that she want to go home, the dying friend is speechless. She yanks off her mask and throws it on the floor and runs out of the room following the narrator. Next morning her friend is moved to the cemetery, the only one where Al Jolson is buried. The narrator is never come back to visit her or even visit her funeral ceremony. She is still being afraid of death and loss because she is not allowing herself to grieve the truth that her best friend is now died.

Nude Study of Thomas E. Mckeller by John Singer Sargent Essay

Nude Study of Thomas E. Mckeller by John Singer Sargent - Essay Example From that time, he grew up to be an accomplished in music, art, and literature. By seventeen, he was well accustomed to expansive masters of painting. He dealt majorly on portrait paintings, but he was also skilled in painting landscape and the use of watercolor (Joselit 65). He also went to study in Germany and Italy and later in Paris under Auguste Emile. Sargent also studied with Emile, whose influence changed his artistic life from 1874 to 1878. In 1879, his effort in painting the portrait of his teacher, Emile was met with approval by the public, and this gave him the future direction. He created more than two thousand watercolors, nine hundred oil paintings and countless charcoal drawings and sketches. In 1877, Sargent had a successful exhibition at the Paris salon. His travels to Holland and Spain to study fans Hals and Velazquez, visits to North Africa and Brittany inspired him in paintings. After the controversy of â€Å"Madame X,† painting Sargent moved to London whe re he had several commissions. In 1880, he tried to make up a client site in London and so experimented with landscaping and impressionism (Joselit 77). He incorporated the styles and elements of Monet and Manet in his work. By eighteen nineties, Sargent was the preferred portraitist of representation elites. As he entered sixties, he moved to landscaping turning away from trendy portraiture. Sargent never married and died in 1925. Exhibitions in recognition of his life were mounted the same year in London, Boston, and New York. The painting Thomas E. McKeller was an African American young muscular man when the image was done. He was a bellhop and Sargent considered his facial and muscular physique unique to pose for an oil painting. The acceptance of McKellar led to production of Thomas E. McKellar Nude Study. The painting exhibits Thomas kneeling on a cushion with his arms behind the body. The posture shows well-elaborated torso accompanied with a good amount of prominence and ten sion. Thomas head in the portrait has been tilted to the side and upward gazing maybe to the heavens. The success of Sargent portrait painting of the McKellar nude study depended on skilled use of visual elements and the mastery of them. In analyzing this portrait, he emphasized the physical element from the view of the portrait size and shape. The original size of the portrait is 125.73 x 84.45 cm (49 1/2 x 33 one/4 inch.) On the canvas. Considering the shape of the portrait, he painted it on distinct rectangular frame. He designed the portrait with an impressionable view of a three dimensional shape. Sargent was able to make this portrait descriptive object in that it physical characteristics are highly explicit with good visual capability. The physical depth of the â€Å"Nude study of McKellar† explores the hidden aesthetic means and value. He portrays the object clearly and openly where the physical analyses do not compromise the audience views and thoughts. The use of li nes as a main mean of painting style is well elaborated in this portrait. He makes good use of capricious lines on Thomas portrait hence his emotional intimacy can be deciphered in this work. The outer vertical lines of the frame give the portrait some calmness, nobleness, and sense of eternality. The horizontal use of line in the cushion part gives the painting indispensable visual element of calm and peace. There is also cross lines and irregular lines behind the body

Management Business Operation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Management Business Operation - Essay Example Quality management aims at planning, controlling, assuring and improving the quality of products and services offered to the customers (Rose, 2005, p. 41). This paper presents an in-depth description of basic principles of supply chain management and quality management and it attempts to apply those principles with the Airline industry. The basic processes included in both supply chain management and quality management are detailed in this work. Most industries have recently been forced to invest in and to concentrate their efforts on supply chain due to severe competition, introduction of certain products with shorter life cycles and high customer expectations. Ongoing advances in both transportation and communication technologies have paved the way to evolve much evolution in supply chain management (Wisner and Leong, 2005). The Airline Industry has greater opportunities to invest and to make use of potential transportation facilities to enhance the effectiveness of supply chain management. Qatar Airways has recently launched Qatar Airways Cargo in order to address the supply chain needs of its customers. The new step forward by Qatar Airways Cargo services as part of its supply chain shows that old business rules and processes are being replaced with new ways of business strategies of supply chain management (Qatarairways, 2010). When global market competition increases, business have to pay greater attention to where the raw materials are extracted from, how the products and services of their suppliers are developed and designed and how the end products are being transported (Hugos, 2006, p. 3). Simchi-Levi and Kaminsky (2004) emphasized that supply chain management always gives much attention to the facilities that have an impact on cost and it plays key roles in making the product ultimately conforming to customer requirements, from supplier and

Housing Department at Murray State University Research Paper

Housing Department at Murray State University - Research Paper Example The university is the only public university in Kentucky with a population of 10,600 students. The campus has housing department that comprises of administrative and residential halls. New buildings are being put up to replace the old residential hall. The following are residential halls at Hurray University housing department; Clark hall, Elizabeth hall, Franklin hall, Hart hall, Hester hall, Regents hall, white hall and Richmond hall. Murray state university has a residential section that is not only where the student will live but will also be where the student will be involved in various aspects of their life in the campus. They will be involved in such activities as intramural sports, traditions and other various activities enjoyed. The main aim of housing department is to ensure secure, well priced and maintained residence for Murray University. The residential halls provide services to college students and the faculty. The halls are usually supervised and the staff trained on how to maintain the halls. The residential halls have greatly assisted students in personal growth, involving themselves in activities, improved interaction between residential, faculty and students, and ensured academic success. The objective of the housing department is to provide a good and safe student accommodation, improved and well maintained social facilities. The residential facilities are enjoyed by both graduates and undergraduates students at a reasonable fee. The accommodation caters for students with children. The purpose of housing department is to provide music and sports facilities to the faculty, students and supporting staff so as to encourage social status among all. The main objective of the project is to avoid congestion of students in their residential halls. The housing department has increased the number of halls to curb this situation. The other objectives of this department are to ensure improvement of the student accommodation facilities, expansion and gr owth of residential areas, development and progress of the department (Housing & Residence Life Mission Statement, N/D). This will involve maintenance and renovation of the current building infrastructure and possibly erection of new buildings in order to avoid congestion. Budget Justification Agency Name: Proposal Name: Budget Proposal for Fiscal Year 2012-2013 Submitted By: Date: November 26, 2011 Cost: Year Total General fund Federal Fund State Funds Other 2010-2011 $ 141,529,822 $ 51,805,500 0 0 $89,724,322 2011-2012 $ 147,647,946 $ 50,295,400 0 0 $97,352,546 2012-2013 $ 153,722,524 $55,226,358 0 0 $98,496,166 Introduction Summary: The murray state university housing department offers an affordable. and secure residence area for the students. It also provides a place where students will be involved in various aspects of their life. They will be involved in such activities as intramural sports, traditions and other activities. Statement of Need: The changes in the budget have bee n reflected as there are a number of buildings that will be erected in order to accommodate more students. The proposed budget has major changes where some field have increased quotation than previous years while some have a decreased quotation. For instance, in housing auxiliaries there is a rise in the quotation. This is an estimation of the expected rise as noticed in previous years. There was a previous increase of 1.7% therefore if we match the same increase the new figure will be 11,217,466. This will be also applicable in housing fee that had an increase of 0.2%. Housing custodial recorded a previous increase of 5.7%. Housing maintenance has increased in the 2012-2013 budget proposals as there are plans to erect new buildings thus there will be increased costs.

SouthWest Airlines Case Study

SouthWest Airlines Case Study SouthWest Airlines Case Study Executive Summary Thousands of people travel by air; Southwest Airlines provides low-fare air transportation service among 58 cities in the United States. Although the industry suffered a major blow from the terrorist attack of September 11th, the company is still holding strong; while other airline companies are in debt. The information was majority gathered and analyzed from the internet; sources such as News Week, and Wall Street Journal. According to the acquired knowledge of Southwest, the company maintains steady sales. The major success to their continued success is due to their low-cost model and competitors are aware that they cannot match Southwest Airlines low prices therefore, by dropping the price even lower; Southwest Airlines can force a company to go bankrupt. Introduction In 1971, Rollin King and Herb Kelleher started an airline service with one simple notion: If you get your passengers to their destinations when they want to get there, on time, at the lowest possible fares, and make darn sure they have a good time doing it, people will fly your airline. They were right about that. Southwest Airline is now a major airline, in fact, the fourth largest airliner in the United States that is trading under the Symbol LUV on NYSE. The mission of Southwest Airlines is dedication to the highest quality of customer service delivered with a sense of warmth, friendliness, individual pride, and company spirit. It primarily provides short haul, high-frequency, point-to-point, low-fare air transportation service among 58 cities (59 airports) in the United States. Here are some numbers that will give a brief idea how the company is operating: Net income: $241 million Total passengers carried: 63 million Total RPMs: 45.4 billion Passenger load factor: 65.9 percent Total operating revenue: $5.5 billion The airline industry has been hit hard by the terrorist attack of September 11th. There is a 13% insurance raise for the airlines and the government is enforcing fees regarding security problems. The operation cost increases dramatically and there are less people traveling by air. Most of the airliners are losing money expect a few. Southwest is one of those airlines which have remained profitable. Organization of Southwest Airlines is described as an upside-down pyramid. The upper management is at the bottom and supports the front line employees (~35000), who are the experts. This is Herb Kellehers unorthodox leadership style, in which management decisions are made by everyone in the organization, not just the head executives. The company is described to not have much emphasis on structure; instead employees are encouraged to think freely without constraints such as titles. Kelleher, for example, is said to know the names of virtually all his employees. Southwest Airlines is characterized as a C-corporation with duration distinguished as a normal perpetual existence. The shareholders are not normally liable for debts of the corporation and they preserve an operation that is normally more structured, requiring more meetings and (in some states) more reporting requirements. Management is very centralized through the board of directors (elected by the shareholders) and the officers (elected by the directors). The corporation is taxable entity, although the income which would normally be taxed at the corporate level can normally be paid out in salaries (and in other deductible ways) so that there is in fact no tax at the corporate level. As far as transferability of interest, it is normally fully transferable and raising capital is in the choice of public companies. Southwest Airlines values employees, initiating the first profit-sharing plan in the U.S. airline industry in 1974 and offered it ever since. In 2000, Southwest offered its employees a record-setting $138M in profit sharing. This tax-deferred compensation represented an additional 14.1 percent of each employees annual salary. Methodology In order to explore Southwest Airlines corporate structure, the method in which we obtain our information is a critical component in our mission. Therefore, this analysis describes a methodology that utilizes Southwest Airlines official website to attain background history, company particulars and financial statistics. In addition, the librarys electronic journals, business research databases (Wall Street Journal, Business Week) and accredited search engines on the Internet such as Yahoo! are also major resources for our investigation in conducting a fundamental SWOT analysis and acquiring information regarding the companys main competitors and customers. Our research will not be limited to just Southwest Airline, our research involves Boeing 737 as well as a few of the opposing companies. Research on these additional topics will be specific, material that pertains or assists in elaborating our recommendations for the company of Southwest. Results According to the attached figure covering the past four years of Southwest Airlines financial progress, they have maintained steady net sales. In 1999, they had total net sales of $4,735 million which had risen to $5,585 million. Their slight drop in 2002 to $5,521 million was due to the September 11th incident. However, this is nothing compared to other major airline industries where they have lost so much more. Many have even gone bankrupt and been forced to close down. In fact, Southwest Airlines was the only major US air carrier to remain profitable since then; albeit Southwest Airlines were affected by the poor economic conditions. Few of their main competitors are Continental Airlines and American Airlines. Substitute products include the train (Amtrak) and bus (Greyhound) which cover long distances. While these alternates cannot offer the speed of travel, most of Southwest Airlines customers are attracted to the low price. Suppliers include those who provide service/products necessary for Southwest Airlines to their business function. For Southwest Airlines, suppliers include mechanics(and other maintenance people), providers of fuel, food(the snacks that are offered). The suppliers do not have much bargaining power. Customers include both residential and commercial sectors. There is no bargaining power for customers, as there is no threat of backward integration; it is unlikely that customers of Southwest Airlines are going to build their own airplanes and fly themselves. Rivalry among competitors sets the price-Southwest Airlines is a discount airliner. Rivalry is increasing, as the market decreases, and competitors downsize, the competitors become more or less equal in size and capacity. This means that as economic conditions worsen, competitors downsize and then compete for the same remaining market. The threat of new entrants is low, the demand is not high. On top of that, there are hurdles, not necessarily the greatest; the FAA. Government regulations and restrictions imposed on those involved in this industry. Such would be government sanctions consequent of international issues. At a glance, the companys source of competitive advantage is its low price tickets. Most of its customers are people who are willing to forego in-flight meals, direct routes and fancy seats if that would mean for a cheaper ticket. Not to imply that Southwest doesnt provide direct flights, but that is offered at a higher price. Southwest Airlines was in better shape than its competitors after recent attacks on September 11 for a simple reason: their low-cost model. Terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center had a devastating effect on the airline industry, particularly because the instrument of destruction of these attacks was hijacked airplanes. The public lost faith in the airline industry immediately following September 11th, and for many airline companies this meant going into severe debt or even declaring bankruptcy. Even after some time, the majority of the airline industry experienced lower profits and massive downsizing. However, for smaller companies like Southwest, they were able to turn a profit and were in a more enviable position than the larger counterparts. The reason for Southwest Airlines success is due to their low-cost model. The Southwest Airlines consists solely of Boeing 737s and offers only coach seats (there is no business or first class). Southwest Airlines also do not offer in-flight meals, only peanuts and other snacks. Southwest is simple and direct at the goal of their service; a primarily short-haul airline that flies directly from city to city, with just one type of planethe Boeing 737 and the lowest costs. With a simple goal, Southwest has excised many of the luxuries that competitors have offered, such as luxury seats; this is made evident by their decision to enforce a rule for passengers who could not fit into the seats to purchase an additional seat. This rather unpopular move (whereas other airlines would have suggested a more luxury class seat) is simple in its purpose-get passengers from point A to point B. Services, such as in-flight meals and luxury seats, which have become standard to competitors, have been s een as unnecessary for an airline that provides a short-haul trip from city to city at the lowest cost. To have opted for a first class, business class, or any form of luxury class seat would have been excess baggage; most people would prefer to do without it if it meant for cheaper ticket price. While Southwest Airlines offers no frills, Southwest Airlines do meet customer expectations when it comes to service. They base their model on the motto, which states that if theyre happy, satisfied, dedicated, and energetic, theyll take real good care of the customers. When the customers are happy, they come back. And that makes the shareholders happy, Southwest has very good relations with all their employees. Employees are either of independent unions or have flexible contracts which allow employees to work longer hours. Southwest Airlines, however, is not without weaknesses. No matter how successful, Southwest Airlines serves only 29 states and cannot compete against the bigger companies that serve nationally or even internationally. Furthermore, Southwest Airlines does not utilize a hub system that allows for bigger competitors to reach further out. Such competitors are aware that they cannot match Southwest Airlines prices; their market is larger and is not feasible to offer cheaper tickets at the cost of no in-flight meals. Instead, competitors narrow the price difference between Southwest Airlines and themselves and stress on the quality of these frills (such as roomier seats). Others, through use of flight hubs, are the only ones who can economically serve remote customers. Another weakness of Southwest Airlines is their preference of Boeing 737s. Being limited to one type of airplane leaves them with little flexibility when the model receives a bad reputation or a critical flaw is discovered. Such would be a costly venture for this company, whove used only one type of airplane and in the face of a dire situation would face a costly venture of finding replacements or counteracting bad publicity. Southwest Airlines success is primarily because they have focused sharply on their goals. This is evident by their no-frills, low-cost model: their goal is to provide the cheapest form of short air travel between two cities; providing the bare necessities. Driven by the idea that customers can be satisfied without having expensive options available for them, Southwest Airlines have stepped on the toes of many of its bigger competitors. Southwest Airlines was able to differentiate themselves from their competitors by offering the lowest prices. This appealed to many people who were not impressed with the additional services such as in-flight meals or wanted to avoid busy airports. Coupled with the utilization of the internet, Southwest Airlines almost became a trend, a sort of an underground hit, bypassing travel agents and their fees. Southwest Airlines provided a medium in which city-to-city transportation was possible with the lowest costs. Part of their success is due to their focused group; Southwest Airlines serves only 29 states a substantially smaller portion of geography, when compared to those who serve customers coast-to-coast. While the company was able to enjoy their success in the earlier years, recent events and poor economic conditions have made competition fierce. Now, the bigger companies are trying to emulate Southwest Airlines style. By narrowing the price gap, the luxurious services previously deemed too expensive has become more affordable. A possible drawback is that because Southwest Airlines strategy has proven so effective, it will be duplicated and emulated by its competitors to a point where it would lose the originality. This could result in competitors offering low rates to the areas covered by Southwest and beyond, making Southwest Airlines range and limitations more obvious. It would be very possible in the near future where a big company, with its hubs(something Southwest does NOT have), basically introducing Southwest Airlines low-cost model to a wider market, encroaching and outdoing Southwest Airlines. When a comparatively small, new company is able to take on major players in an extremely competitive industry, gain market share, please customers and employees alike, it is time for others to take notice. We will initially evaluate Southwest Airlines competitive business strategy of their maintenance of a low cost and exceedingly reliable service approach (forgoing perks such as meal service, first-class preference and assigned seating), as a major transportation corporation. We will ultimately make supplementary recommendations and improvements based on the stratagem of their already flourishing company. As a company that still faces continuous growing challenges before them, it is essential for Southwest Airlines to expand on their existing achievements. Our analysis and promising suggestions will be developed with intent to better serve customers by improving their routing system, offering enhanced accessibility and minimizing delays. As business consultants, we anticipate to pav e the way of one of the leading travel industries into becoming the best of the best. Recommendations: Southwest Airlines were able to operate their business relatively undisturbed. It was only in the poor economic conditions that suddenly Southwest Airlines method of operation became the ideal model for its competitors. While the publicity is beneficial in raising employee morale, and raising stock prices; Southwest Airlines is now target of competitors focus. A tactic that Southwest Airlines can do to inflict damage to competitors is to slash prices. This type of tactic is typical of a big company that has a monopolistic rule in an industry squeezing other competitors. This tactic is advisable when competitors are near bankruptcy or are in dire situations. Because competitors cannot match Southwest Airlines prices, the most they can do is narrow the gap of the price difference. Southwest Airlines, which has consistently made a positive profit, can increase the price gap by lowering their prices. Southwest Airlines will incur losses from this move, but the goal of this move is to drag the competitors further into debt. Because this move affects both companies, this move is very risky and should not be done unless Southwest Airlines is sure that their competitor is near bankruptcy. Possible reasons for this move would be to eliminate the weakest competitor in the industry, which would free up the market held by that company. The reason for the creation of Southwest Airlines started when its founders saw an opportunity. Frequent trips between cities were exploited by providing a quicker form of transportation. Southwest Airlines has weathered through several crisis and has proven itself to have potential for to be a leader of its industry. The poor economic conditions has placed many airline companies in debt, while Southwest Airlines was able to make a profit. With its competitors weakened, Southwest can take the initiative and expand-not foolishly, but with the same drive and precise execution the company was founded under. The genius behind Southwest Airlines success is location; and if researched properly, this can be applied to other areas. The appeal of Southwest Airline is the cheap tickets, as they offer none of the luxuries(such as in-flight meals). Southwest Airlines no frills approach may not be pleasing to all, it would be good for Southwest to make a few changes in which the aesthetics would be more accommodating. Upgrading seats may be a costly venture, but it would open Southwest Airlines to a larger market. The medium of choice for customer referral is the internet. Internet referrals have been the main source of customers (it further cut costs by charging a lesser fee to book seats through the internet than through a travel sales agent). With the saturation of discount websites, however, Southwest Airlines is losing the grip it held advertising on the internet. More websites offer competitive rates and special discounts-which if Southwest Airlines does not take immediate action can end up losing customers. Since advertising through the internet is risky, as people hate pop-ups or spam e-mails, it is our general consensus that Southwest should find ways to be listed on these price comparison websites. Before, there werent many sites that offered price comparison and finding deals was difficult. With these sites, information is available at the fingertips of the web surfers who can make better informed choices. Southwest Airlines should ensure that their voice is heard through this mediu m, as it is sure to attract people in search of deals. Conclusion First and foremost, Southwest Airline has developed a great low cost model for the past thirty year that fits todays economy the best. It has expanded from a tiny company with merely three aircrafts to one of todays major airliners that flies between 58 cities carrying over 60 million customers each year. As everyone can see, Southwest Airline has been a big success. Now, it is given an opportunity to grow even bigger at this extremely hard and critical time for the airline industry. After the incident of September 11, Southwest Airline is one of the few airliners that remained profitable; other airline companies are losing millions of dollars due to the insurance raise, the security cost and lack of customers. We recommend Southwest airline to take this opportunity to expand to greater regions. It is the time for Southwest airline to use its low price tickets to drive its competitors out of business and take over their market. We believe, giving up some of the profit to cut the ticket price even lower and upgrade hardware can open Southwest Airline to a much larger market that will bring more profit in future. Implementations of cost saving technology such as internet is needed to lower the operation cost to give customers better deals.